I charge my phone phone for 2 hours every day. The charger on my phone uses 15 watts so every day I am using one 33rd of a killowatt hour. One killowatt hour of electricity in my home costs 10p. So 10p divided by 33 is 0.3 pence per day. My phone costs about one third of a penny per day. There are 365 days in one year so my phone's electricity costs 109.5 pence. Less than £1.10.
The cost of electricity used by my phone is
0.3 pence per day
2.1 pence per week
109.5 pence per year
I don't always charge my phone all the way so I would say the electricity used by my phone costs about £1 per year and I have a very bad deal, most people in the UK pay less than 10p per killowatt hour. The cost of electricity of most Brit's phones is less than £1 per year, perhaps 80p.
At the time I wrote this, £1 is roughly the same as $1. About the price of a branded loaf of bread or two budget loafs.